更新 '挑战题'

基础题

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+// 父类 Shape
+public class Shape {
+    public void draw() {
+        System.out.println("绘制一个图形");
+    }
+}
+
+// 子类 Circle
+public class Circle extends Shape {
+    @Override
+    public void draw() {
+        System.out.println("绘制一个圆形 ○");
+    }
+}
+
+// 子类 Rectangle
+public class Rectangle extends Shape {
+    @Override
+    public void draw() {
+        System.out.println("绘制一个矩形 ▭");
+    }
+}
+
+// 测试主类
+public class ShapeTest {
+    // 题目要求：drawShape 方法，接收 Shape 类型参数
+    public static void drawShape(Shape s) {
+        s.draw(); // 多态调用
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Shape circle = new Circle();
+        Shape rect = new Rectangle();
+
+        System.out.println("=== 基础题测试 ===");
+        drawShape(circle);
+        drawShape(rect);
+    }
+}

挑战题

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+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+// 父类 Person
+class Person {
+    private String name;
+    private int age;
+
+    public Person() {}
+    public Person(String name, int age) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.age = age;
+    }
+
+    public void showInfo() {
+        System.out.println("姓名：" + name + "，年龄：" + age);
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+    public int getAge() {
+        return age;
+    }
+    public void setAge(int age) {
+        this.age = age;
+    }
+}
+
+// 学生子类
+class Student extends Person {
+    private String stuId;
+    private String major;
+
+    public Student() {}
+    public Student(String name, int age, String stuId, String major) {
+        super(name, age);
+        this.stuId = stuId;
+        this.major = major;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void showInfo() {
+        super.showInfo();
+        System.out.println("身份：学生，学号：" + stuId + "，专业：" + major);
+    }
+
+    public String getStuId() {
+        return stuId;
+    }
+    public void setStuId(String stuId) {
+        this.stuId = stuId;
+    }
+    public String getMajor() {
+        return major;
+    }
+    public void setMajor(String major) {
+        this.major = major;
+    }
+}
+
+// 教师子类
+class Teacher extends Person {
+    private String teaId;
+    private String dept;
+
+    public Teacher() {}
+    public Teacher(String name, int age, String teaId, String dept) {
+        super(name, age);
+        this.teaId = teaId;
+        this.dept = dept;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void showInfo() {
+        super.showInfo();
+        System.out.println("身份：教师，工号：" + teaId + "，院系：" + dept);
+    }
+
+    public String getTeaId() {
+        return teaId;
+    }
+    public void setTeaId(String teaId) {
+        this.teaId = teaId;
+    }
+    public String getDept() {
+        return dept;
+    }
+    public void setDept(String dept) {
+        this.dept = dept;
+    }
+}
+
+// 管理类
+class PersonManager {
+    private List<Person> list = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    // 统一添加方法，合并addStudent、addTeacher
+    public void addPerson(Person p) {
+        list.add(p);
+    }
+
+    // 遍历展示所有人信息
+    public void showAll() {
+        for(Person p : list){
+            p.showInfo();
+            System.out.println("--------------------");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// 主测试类
+public class PersonTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        PersonManager manager = new PersonManager();
+
+        // 创建学生、教师对象
+        Student s1 = new Student("张三", 19, "2025001", "大数据管理");
+        Teacher t1 = new Teacher("王老师", 38, "T10086", "计算机学院");
+
+        // 统一添加
+        manager.addPerson(s1);
+        manager.addPerson(t1);
+
+        // 展示所有信息
+        manager.showAll();
+    }
+}

进阶题

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+// 抽象父类 Vehicle
+public abstract class Vehicle {
+    public abstract void run();
+}
+
+// 子类 Car
+public class Car extends Vehicle {
+    @Override
+    public void run() {
+        System.out.println("汽车在公路上行驶，速度 100km/h");
+    }
+}
+
+// 子类 Bike
+public class Bike extends Vehicle {
+    @Override
+    public void run() {
+        System.out.println("自行车在非机动车道骑行，速度 15km/h");
+    }
+}
+
+// 子类 Truck
+public class Truck extends Vehicle {
+    @Override
+    public void run() {
+        System.out.println("卡车在公路上缓慢行驶，速度 60km/h");
+    }
+}
+
+// 测试主类
+public class VehicleTest {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println("=== 进阶题测试 ===");
+        // 创建 Vehicle 数组，存放不同车辆
+        Vehicle[] vehicles = {
+            new Car(),
+            new Bike(),
+            new Truck()
+        };
+
+        // 遍历调用 run() 方法
+        for (Vehicle v : vehicles) {
+            v.run();
+        }
+    }
+}