java/w2/WeatherMain.java

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.http.HttpClient;
import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

// ========== 1. 泛型接口：定义通用数据处理行为 ==========
/**
 * 通用数据爬虫接口（泛型：T-爬取数据类型，K-数据唯一标识类型）
 */
interface DataCrawler<T, K> {
    // 爬取数据
    T crawlData(K key) throws Exception;
    // 解析数据
    Map<String, Object> parseData(T rawData);
    // 保存数据
    void saveData(K key, Map<String, Object> data);
}

/**
 * 通用数据可视化接口（泛型：T-可视化数据类型）
 */
interface DataVisualizer<T> {
    void generateVisualization(String title, T data);
}

// ========== 2. 抽象泛型父类：爬虫基类 ==========
abstract class AbstractDataCrawler<T, K> implements DataCrawler<T, K> {
    // 泛型集合：存储爬取的原始数据（K-标识，T-原始数据）
    protected Map<K, T> rawDataMap = new HashMap<>();
    // 泛型集合：存储解析后的结构化数据（K-标识，Map-结构化数据）
    protected Map<K, Map<String, Object>> parsedDataMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
    // 泛型集合：存储爬取失败的标识
    protected List<K> failedKeys = new LinkedList<>();

    // 通用HTTP请求方法（泛型返回值）
    protected String doHttpGet(String url) throws Exception {
        HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
        HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
                .uri(URI.create(url))
                .GET()
                .build();
        HttpResponse<String> response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString());
        if (response.statusCode() != 200) {
            throw new RuntimeException("HTTP请求失败，状态码：" + response.statusCode());
        }
        return response.body();
    }

    // 通用失败记录方法
    protected void recordFailure(K key, Exception e) {
        failedKeys.add(key);
        System.err.println("❌ 爬取" + key + "失败：" + e.getMessage());
    }

    // 泛型方法：获取解析后的数据
    public <V> V getParsedValue(K key, String field, Class<V> type) {
        if (parsedDataMap.containsKey(key) && parsedDataMap.get(key).containsKey(field)) {
            Object value = parsedDataMap.get(key).get(field);
            if (type.isInstance(value)) {
                return type.cast(value);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 抽象方法：获取API地址（子类实现）
    protected abstract String getApiUrl(K key);
}

// ========== 3. 天气爬虫子类（泛型实现） ==========
class WeatherCrawler extends AbstractDataCrawler<String, String> implements DataVisualizer<Map<String, List<?>>> {
    // 城市经纬度映射（泛型集合）
    private Map<String, String[]> cityLatLonMap = new HashMap<>();

    // 初始化城市数据
    public WeatherCrawler() {
        cityLatLonMap.put("西安", new String[]{"34.2644", "108.9497"});
        cityLatLonMap.put("成都", new String[]{"30.5728", "104.0668"});
        cityLatLonMap.put("兰州", new String[]{"36.0611", "103.8343"});
        cityLatLonMap.put("乌鲁木齐", new String[]{"43.8256", "87.6168"});
    }

    @Override
    public String crawlData(String cityName) throws Exception {
        if (!cityLatLonMap.containsKey(cityName)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("未配置城市：" + cityName + "的经纬度");
        }
        String url = getApiUrl(cityName);
        System.out.println("🌐 正在爬取" + cityName + "天气数据：" + url);
        String rawData = doHttpGet(url);
        rawDataMap.put(cityName, rawData);
        return rawData;
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> parseData(String rawData) {
        Map<String, Object> parsedData = new HashMap<>();
        try {
            List<String> times = parseTimes(rawData);
            List<Double> temps = parseTemperatures(rawData);
            parsedData.put("times", times);
            parsedData.put("temps", temps);
            parsedData.put("minTemp", temps.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).min().orElse(0));
            parsedData.put("maxTemp", temps.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).max().orElse(0));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("❌ 解析天气数据失败：" + e.getMessage());
        }
        return parsedData;
    }

    @Override
    public void saveData(String cityName, Map<String, Object> data) {
        parsedDataMap.put(cityName, data);
        System.out.println("💾 " + cityName + "天气数据已保存，解析字段数：" + data.size());
    }

    @Override
    protected String getApiUrl(String cityName) {
        String[] latLon = cityLatLonMap.get(cityName);
        return String.format(
                "https://api.open-meteo.com/v1/forecast?latitude=%s&longitude=%s&hourly=temperature_2m&past_days=1&forecast_days=3",
                latLon[0], latLon[1]
        );
    }

    // 解析时间（复用原有逻辑）
    private List<String> parseTimes(String json) {
        List<String> times = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\"time\":\\[([^\\]]+)\\]");
            Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(json);
            if (matcher.find()) {
                String timeStr = matcher.group(1);
                String[] timeArray = timeStr.split(",");
                for (String t : timeArray) {
                    t = t.trim().replace("\"", "");
                    if (!t.isEmpty()) {
                        if (t.contains("T")) {
                            String date = t.substring(5, 10);
                            String time = t.substring(11, 16);
                            times.add(date + "\n" + time);
                        } else {
                            times.add(t);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("❌ 解析时间失败：" + e.getMessage());
        }
        return times;
    }

    // 解析温度（复用原有逻辑）
    private List<Double> parseTemperatures(String json) {
        List<Double> temps = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\"temperature_2m\":\\[([^\\]]+)\\]");
            Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(json);
            if (matcher.find()) {
                String tempStr = matcher.group(1);
                String[] tempArray = tempStr.split(",");
                for (String t : tempArray) {
                    t = t.trim();
                    if (!t.isEmpty()) {
                        try {
                            temps.add(Double.parseDouble(t));
                        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                            System.err.println("⚠️ 无法解析温度值: " + t);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("❌ 解析温度失败：" + e.getMessage());
        }
        return temps;
    }

    // 天气数据可视化（泛型实现）
    @Override
    public void generateVisualization(String cityName, Map<String, List<?>> data) {
        List<String> times = (List<String>) data.get("times");
        List<Double> temps = (List<Double>) data.get("temps");
        if (times == null || temps == null || times.isEmpty() || temps.isEmpty()) {
            System.out.println("⚠️ " + cityName + " 数据无效，跳过绘图");
            return;
        }

        try {
            int width = 1400;
            int height = 700;
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics2D g2d = image.createGraphics();

            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            g2d.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g2d.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

            int marginLeft = 120;
            int marginRight = 60;
            int marginTop = 80;
            int marginBottom = 120;

            int chartWidth = width - marginLeft - marginRight;
            int chartHeight = height - marginTop - marginBottom;

            double minTemp = temps.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).min().orElse(0);
            double maxTemp = temps.stream().mapToDouble(Double::doubleValue).max().orElse(0);
            double tempRange = maxTemp - minTemp;

            // 画网格
            g2d.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
            g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1));
            int numYLines = 10;
            for (int i = 0; i <= numYLines; i++) {
                int y = marginTop + (chartHeight * i / numYLines);
                g2d.drawLine(marginLeft, y, marginLeft + chartWidth, y);
                double temp = maxTemp - (tempRange * i / numYLines);
                String label = String.format("%.1f°C", temp);
                g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);
                g2d.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 12));
                g2d.drawString(label, marginLeft - 50, y + 4);
                g2d.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
            }

            // 画坐标轴
            g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(2));
            g2d.drawLine(marginLeft, marginTop, marginLeft, marginTop + chartHeight);
            g2d.drawLine(marginLeft, marginTop + chartHeight, marginLeft + chartWidth, marginTop + chartHeight);

            // 标题
            g2d.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 20));
            String title = cityName + " 逐小时温度变化（过去1天+未来3天）";
            g2d.drawString(title, width / 2 - 250, 45);

            // 轴标签
            g2d.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 14));
            g2d.drawString("时间", width / 2 - 20, height - 40);

            Graphics2D g2dRotated = (Graphics2D) g2d.create();
            g2dRotated.rotate(-Math.PI / 2);
            g2dRotated.drawString("温度 (°C)", -height / 2, 35);
            g2dRotated.dispose();

            // 画数据
            if (temps.size() > 1) {
                int[] xPoints = new int[temps.size()];
                int[] yPoints = new int[temps.size()];

                for (int i = 0; i < temps.size(); i++) {
                    int x = marginLeft + (chartWidth * i / (temps.size() - 1));
                    int y = marginTop + chartHeight - (int) ((temps.get(i) - minTemp) * chartHeight / tempRange);
                    xPoints[i] = x;
                    yPoints[i] = y;
                }

                g2d.setColor(new Color(255, 0, 0, 180));
                g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(2.5f));
                for (int i = 0; i < temps.size() - 1; i++) {
                    g2d.drawLine(xPoints[i], yPoints[i], xPoints[i + 1], yPoints[i + 1]);
                }

                g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
                for (int i = 0; i < temps.size(); i++) {
                    g2d.fillOval(xPoints[i] - 3, yPoints[i] - 3, 6, 6);
                    if (i % 12 == 0) {
                        g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
                        g2d.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 10));
                        g2d.drawString(String.format("%.1f", temps.get(i)), xPoints[i] + 5, yPoints[i] - 5);
                        g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
                    }
                }
            }

            // X轴标签
            g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g2d.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 9));
            int step = Math.max(1, times.size() / 15);
            for (int i = 0; i < times.size(); i += step) {
                int x = marginLeft + (chartWidth * i / (times.size() - 1));
                int y = marginTop + chartHeight + 15;
                String label = times.get(i);
                if (label.contains("\n")) {
                    String[] lines = label.split("\n");
                    g2d.drawString(lines[0], x - 20, y);
                    g2d.drawString(lines[1], x - 20, y + 12);
                } else if (label.length() > 10) {
                    g2d.drawString(label.substring(0, 10), x - 20, y + 5);
                } else {
                    g2d.drawString(label, x - 15, y + 5);
                }
            }

            g2d.dispose();

            String fileName = cityName + "_温度图.png";
            File outputFile = new File(fileName);
            ImageIO.write(image, "PNG", outputFile);
            System.out.println("💾 " + cityName + "图表已保存为：" + outputFile.getAbsolutePath());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("❌ 生成" + cityName + "图表失败：" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

// ========== 4. 城市特色爬虫子类（扩展新类型爬虫） ==========
class CityInfoCrawler extends AbstractDataCrawler<Map<String, String>, String> {
    // 模拟城市特色数据（实际可替换为真实爬虫逻辑）
    private Map<String, Map<String, String>> cityInfoSource = new HashMap<>();

    public CityInfoCrawler() {
        // 初始化城市特色数据
        Map<String, String> xiAnInfo = new HashMap<>();
        xiAnInfo.put("别名", "十三朝古都");
        xiAnInfo.put("地标", "兵马俑、大雁塔");
        xiAnInfo.put("美食", "肉夹馍、泡馍");
        xiAnInfo.put("经纬度", "34.2644, 108.9497");
        cityInfoSource.put("西安", xiAnInfo);

        Map<String, String> chengDuInfo = new HashMap<>();
        chengDuInfo.put("别名", "天府之国");
        chengDuInfo.put("地标", "大熊猫基地、宽窄巷子");
        chengDuInfo.put("美食", "火锅、串串");
        chengDuInfo.put("经纬度", "30.5728, 104.0668");
        cityInfoSource.put("成都", chengDuInfo);

        Map<String, String> lanZhouInfo = new HashMap<>();
        lanZhouInfo.put("别名", "黄河之都");
        lanZhouInfo.put("地标", "黄河铁桥、白塔山");
        lanZhouInfo.put("美食", "牛肉面、甜醅子");
        lanZhouInfo.put("经纬度", "36.0611, 103.8343");
        cityInfoSource.put("兰州", lanZhouInfo);

        Map<String, String> wuLuMuQiInfo = new HashMap<>();
        wuLuMuQiInfo.put("别名", "亚心之都");
        wuLuMuQiInfo.put("地标", "天山、国际大巴扎");
        wuLuMuQiInfo.put("美食", "羊肉串、手抓饭");
        wuLuMuQiInfo.put("经纬度", "43.8256, 87.6168");
        cityInfoSource.put("乌鲁木齐", wuLuMuQiInfo);
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, String> crawlData(String cityName) throws Exception {
        if (!cityInfoSource.containsKey(cityName)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("未找到" + cityName + "的特色数据");
        }
        System.out.println("🌐 正在爬取" + cityName + "城市特色数据");
        Map<String, String> rawData = cityInfoSource.get(cityName);
        rawDataMap.put(cityName, rawData);
        return rawData;
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> parseData(Map<String, String> rawData) {
        // 转换为通用Map结构（可扩展解析逻辑）
        Map<String, Object> parsedData = new HashMap<>(rawData);
        // 新增解析字段：经纬度拆分
        String latLon = (String) rawData.get("经纬度");
        if (latLon != null) {
            String[] latLonArr = latLon.split(",");
            parsedData.put("纬度", Double.parseDouble(latLonArr[0].trim()));
            parsedData.put("经度", Double.parseDouble(latLonArr[1].trim()));
        }
        return parsedData;
    }

    @Override
    public void saveData(String cityName, Map<String, Object> data) {
        parsedDataMap.put(cityName, data);
        System.out.println("💾 " + cityName + "城市特色数据已保存，解析字段数：" + data.size());
    }

    @Override
    protected String getApiUrl(String key) {
        // 模拟API地址（实际可替换为真实城市信息API）
        return "https://api.example.com/cityinfo?name=" + key;
    }

    // 扩展方法：打印城市特色
    public void printCityInfo(String cityName) {
        Map<String, Object> info = parsedDataMap.get(cityName);
        if (info == null) {
            System.out.println("⚠️ 未找到" + cityName + "的特色数据");
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("\n🏙️ 【" + cityName + "】城市特色");
        for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : info.entrySet()) {
            System.out.println("   " + entry.getKey() + "：" + entry.getValue());
        }
    }
}

// ========== 5. 爬虫平台类（统一管理多类型爬虫） ==========
class CrawlerPlatform {
    // 泛型集合：管理所有爬虫（K-爬虫类型标识，V-爬虫实例）
    private Map<String, DataCrawler<?, ?>> crawlerMap = new HashMap<>();
    // 泛型集合：管理所有可视化器
    private Map<String, DataVisualizer<?>> visualizerMap = new HashMap<>();

    // 注册爬虫
    public <T, K> void registerCrawler(String crawlerType, DataCrawler<T, K> crawler) {
        crawlerMap.put(crawlerType, crawler);
        System.out.println("✅ 注册爬虫成功：" + crawlerType);
    }

    // 注册可视化器
    public <T> void registerVisualizer(String visualizerType, DataVisualizer<T> visualizer) {
        visualizerMap.put(visualizerType, visualizer);
        System.out.println("✅ 注册可视化器成功：" + visualizerType);
    }

    // 执行爬虫（泛型方法）
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T, K> void runCrawler(String crawlerType, K key) {
        DataCrawler<T, K> crawler = (DataCrawler<T, K>) crawlerMap.get(crawlerType);
        if (crawler == null) {
            System.err.println("❌ 未找到爬虫：" + crawlerType);
            return;
        }
        try {
            // 爬取 -> 解析 -> 保存
            T rawData = crawler.crawlData(key);
            Map<String, Object> parsedData = crawler.parseData(rawData);
            crawler.saveData(key, parsedData);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ((AbstractDataCrawler<T, K>) crawler).recordFailure(key, e);
        }
    }

    // 执行可视化
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T> void runVisualization(String visualizerType, String title, T data) {
        DataVisualizer<T> visualizer = (DataVisualizer<T>) visualizerMap.get(visualizerType);
        if (visualizer == null) {
            System.err.println("❌ 未找到可视化器：" + visualizerType);
            return;
        }
        visualizer.generateVisualization(title, data);
    }

    // 获取爬虫实例（泛型方法）
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T, K> DataCrawler<T, K> getCrawler(String crawlerType) {
        return (DataCrawler<T, K>) crawlerMap.get(crawlerType);
    }

    // 获取可视化器实例
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T> DataVisualizer<T> getVisualizer(String visualizerType) {
        return (DataVisualizer<T>) visualizerMap.get(visualizerType);
    }

    // 打印平台统计信息
    public void printPlatformStats() {
        System.out.println("\n📊 爬虫平台统计信息");
        System.out.println("   已注册爬虫数：" + crawlerMap.size());
        System.out.println("   已注册可视化器数：" + visualizerMap.size());
        // 遍历爬虫统计数据
        for (Map.Entry<String, DataCrawler<?, ?>> entry : crawlerMap.entrySet()) {
            AbstractDataCrawler<?, ?> crawler = (AbstractDataCrawler<?, ?>) entry.getValue();
            System.out.println("   " + entry.getKey() + "：爬取成功数=" + crawler.rawDataMap.size() + "，失败数=" + crawler.failedKeys.size());
        }
    }
}

// ========== 6. 主程序（平台入口） ==========
public class WeatherMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("🚀 启动通用爬虫平台...\n");

        // 1. 初始化平台
        CrawlerPlatform platform = new CrawlerPlatform();

        // 2. 注册爬虫和可视化器
        WeatherCrawler weatherCrawler = new WeatherCrawler();
        CityInfoCrawler cityInfoCrawler = new CityInfoCrawler();
        platform.registerCrawler("weather", weatherCrawler);
        platform.registerCrawler("cityInfo", cityInfoCrawler);
        platform.registerVisualizer("weatherChart", weatherCrawler);

        // 3. 定义待爬取的城市列表（泛型集合）
        List<String> cities = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("西安", "成都", "兰州", "乌鲁木齐"));

        // 4. 执行城市特色爬虫
        System.out.println("\n========== 执行城市特色爬虫 ==========");
        for (String city : cities) {
            platform.runCrawler("cityInfo", city);
            cityInfoCrawler.printCityInfo(city);
        }

        // 5. 执行天气爬虫 + 可视化
        System.out.println("\n========== 执行天气爬虫 + 可视化 ==========");
        for (String city : cities) {
            platform.runCrawler("weather", city);
            // 获取解析后的天气数据并可视化
            Map<String, Object> weatherData = weatherCrawler.parsedDataMap.get(city);
            if (weatherData != null) {
                Map<String, List<?>> visualData = new HashMap<>();
                visualData.put("times", (List<String>) weatherData.get("times"));
                visualData.put("temps", (List<Double>) weatherData.get("temps"));
                platform.runVisualization("weatherChart", city, visualData);
            }
        }

        // 6. 平台统计
        platform.printPlatformStats();

        // 7. 泛型方法演示：获取指定类型的解析值
        System.out.println("\n========== 泛型方法演示 ==========");
        Double xiAnMaxTemp = weatherCrawler.getParsedValue("西安", "maxTemp", Double.class);
        String chengDuFood = cityInfoCrawler.getParsedValue("成都", "美食", String.class);
        System.out.println("   西安最高温度：" + xiAnMaxTemp + "°C");
        System.out.println("   成都特色美食：" + chengDuFood);

        System.out.println("\n🎉 爬虫平台执行完毕！");
    }
}