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public class Car { |
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// 1. 私有属性
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private final String licensePlate; // 车牌号(不可变)
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private String brand; // 品牌
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private String model; // 型号
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private double dailyRent; // 日租金
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private boolean isRented; // 是否已出租
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// 静态变量:统计车辆总数
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private static int totalCars = 0; |
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// 2. 全参构造方法
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public Car(String licensePlate, String brand, String model, double dailyRent) { |
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this.licensePlate = licensePlate; |
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this.brand = brand; |
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this.model = model; |
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setDailyRent(dailyRent); // 通过setter校验租金
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this.isRented = false; // 初始状态:未出租
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totalCars++; // 每创建一个对象,总数+1
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} |
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// 3. 三参构造方法(调用全参构造,日租金默认300元)
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public Car(String licensePlate, String brand, String model) { |
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this(licensePlate, brand, model, 300.0); |
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} |
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// 4. Getter/Setter 方法
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public String getLicensePlate() { |
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return licensePlate; |
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} |
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public String getBrand() { |
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return brand; |
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} |
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public void setBrand(String brand) { |
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this.brand = brand; |
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} |
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public String getModel() { |
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return model; |
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} |
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public void setModel(String model) { |
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this.model = model; |
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} |
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public double getDailyRent() { |
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return dailyRent; |
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} |
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// 日租金 setter:必须校验是否大于0
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public void setDailyRent(double dailyRent) { |
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if (dailyRent > 0) { |
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this.dailyRent = dailyRent; |
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} else { |
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System.out.println("日租金必须大于0,设置失败!"); |
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} |
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} |
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public boolean isRented() { |
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return isRented; |
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} |
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// 注意:isRented 不提供 setter,只能通过业务方法修改状态
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// 5. 业务方法
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// 租车:将状态置为已出租
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public void rentCar() { |
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if (isRented) { |
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System.out.println("车辆 " + licensePlate + " 已出租,无法再次租用!"); |
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} else { |
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isRented = true; |
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System.out.println("车辆 " + licensePlate + " 已成功出租!"); |
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} |
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} |
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// 还车:将状态置为未出租
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public void returnCar() { |
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if (!isRented) { |
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System.out.println("车辆 " + licensePlate + " 未被租用,无需归还!"); |
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} else { |
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isRented = false; |
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System.out.println("车辆 " + licensePlate + " 已成功归还!"); |
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} |
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} |
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// 计算总租金:日租金 × 天数(假设天数>0)
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public double calculateRent(int days) { |
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if (days > 0) { |
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return dailyRent * days; |
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} else { |
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System.out.println("租赁天数必须大于0!"); |
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return 0.0; |
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} |
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} |
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// 6. 静态方法:获取总车辆数
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public static int getTotalCars() { |
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return totalCars; |
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} |
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// 辅助方法:打印车辆信息
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public void displayInfo() { |
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System.out.println("=== 车辆信息 ==="); |
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System.out.println("车牌号:" + licensePlate); |
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System.out.println("品牌:" + brand); |
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System.out.println("型号:" + model); |
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System.out.println("日租金:" + dailyRent + " 元/天"); |
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System.out.println("状态:" + (isRented ? "已出租" : "可租")); |
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System.out.println("================"); |
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} |
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} |
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public class TestCar { |
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public static void main(String[] args) { |
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// 创建3个Car对象(使用不同构造方法)
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Car car1 = new Car("京A12345", "丰田", "凯美瑞", 280.0); |
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Car car2 = new Car("沪B67890", "本田", "雅阁"); // 日租金默认300元
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Car car3 = new Car("粤C11111", "大众", "帕萨特", 320.0); |
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// 打印所有车辆信息
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System.out.println("=== 初始车辆信息 ==="); |
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car1.displayInfo(); |
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car2.displayInfo(); |
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car3.displayInfo(); |
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// 测试租车/还车业务
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System.out.println("\n=== 测试租车/还车 ==="); |
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car1.rentCar(); // 第一次租车
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car1.rentCar(); // 重复租车(提示已出租)
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car1.returnCar(); // 第一次还车
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car1.returnCar(); // 重复还车(提示未出租)
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// 计算租金
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System.out.println("\n=== 计算租金 ==="); |
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double rent = car1.calculateRent(5); |
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System.out.println("车辆 " + car1.getLicensePlate() + " 租赁5天,总租金:" + rent + " 元"); |
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// 测试setDailyRent非法值
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System.out.println("\n=== 测试日租金非法值 ==="); |
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car1.setDailyRent(-100); // 非法值,提示错误
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System.out.println("修改后日租金:" + car1.getDailyRent() + " 元/天"); |
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// 测试静态变量
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System.out.println("\n=== 车辆总数 ==="); |
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System.out.println("当前系统中车辆总数:" + Car.getTotalCars() + " 辆"); |
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} |
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} |
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